(12) In some NENA dialects the fresh preterite out of Classification II verbs have a great vocalism (m)CoCiC- or (m)CuCiC- which has no predecessor in the last dialects. Noldeke (1868, 213) advised your modern function are connected with the newest Hebrew pual. Examples: Aradhin mbusille ‘he cooked’ (Krotkoff 1982, 136), Tkhuma mso:re:li ‘I began’, Jilu +poltele ‘he got they out’ (Fox 1992, 54). Forms which have o otherwise u is missing external NENA as well as have in a lot of of one’s NENA languages: Hertevin, Sanandaj Christian, and you may Halabja: Halabja bqirraxun ‘you (pl.) asked’, Hertevin bqerre ‘he asked’ (Jastrow 1988, 206).
(13) The entire expose are noted of the an effective prefix in most NENA but Hertevin plus in Mandaic plus in Turoyo. New prefix requires among about three variations: (a) k- to the all the verbs (complex to help you c- into the Urmi, longer to help you ko- before consonants during the Turoyo, and also in Zakho is grams- prior to a voiced phoneme); (b) k- however, only into a small family of verbs (with voicing intake and often almost every other transform also); or (c) i- for the all verbs.
Examples: (a) Zakho k-xaze ‘he sees’, g-emir ‘he says’ (Meehan and you will Alon 1979, 182), Urmi csader ‘he sends’ (Hetzron 1969, 115), Turoyo kohoze ‘he sees’, Tisqopa ksaqIl ‘he takes’ (Rubba, personal communications); (b) Halabja k-ImrIx-wa ‘we create say’, however, doqIx-wa-ce ‘we create observe it’, Azerbaijan k-xil ‘he consumes, have a tendency to eat’, but sate ‘he drinks, commonly, get drink’ (Garbell 1965, 66, 67); (c) Aradhin i-zare:los angeles ‘he tills it’ (Krotkoff 1982, 70), Jilu i-napli baro ‘they chase her’ (Fox 1992, 55).
The newest k- prefix is apparently a success of your prefix qa- out of BT, such as the fresh new common qatane ‘he teaches’. age ‘stands’. In certain east dialects the new distribution of k- has-been simply for a tiny category of verbs (Garbell 1965, 65). In others, it’s got disappeared and you will started replaced by the a special prefix i-, and therefore most likely originated as the a reduced types of we[Theta] ‘there is’.
Examples: Halabja geznawa ta knista ‘I would go to the synagogue’, Aradhin tla t-sapri ‘to wait’, Jilu zIlli l-yawa zuze tla da kIcca ‘I went to provide currency in order to a beneficial girl’, Tisqopa [Theta]e:li ta di-mbaslan ‘I (fem
(14) Brand new verb ‘give’ try yehav into the BT, and you will yav within the Syriac. It has been remade throughout NENA languages from incorporation of one’s following the l- ‘to’. New vital, that has been hav in the Syriac and you may BT, was hal (Noldeke 1868, 256) throughout NENA by which You will find pointers, although not in the Turoyo or Mandaic.
(15) In most NENA, this new one imperative away from qyama ‘get up’ has lost the last m: Aradhin qu (Krotkoff 1982, 145), Sanandaj Religious qu (Panoussi, 110). The fresh plural, yet not, holds the latest m.
(16) In every NENA, this new vital regarding (i)zala ‘go’ is actually unusual: Aradhin au moment ou (Krotkoff 1982, 147), Sanandaj Religious state (Panoussi 119), Jilu se, Jewish Azerbaijani quand (Garbell 1965, 285).
(17) Across NENA, a number of terms can be used given that legs getting reflexive pronouns particularly ‘myself’. He could be: ruh- inside Hertevin and in Turoyo, nos- regarding the about three easternmost Jewish dialects, and you may gyan- on leftover languages: Hertevin ruhan ‘ourselves’ (Jastrow 1988, 197), Zakho qtala gyane ‘beating himself’ (Meehan and you can Alon 1982, 181), Halabja nosan ‘ourselves’.
So it qa- is itself a great contraction from qa?
(18) A new preposition definition ‘to’ or ‘for’ that takes the form ta, tla, or tla was common, though perhaps not universal, for the NENA, but not used in Mandaic or Turoyo. ) concerned ourtime cook’ (Rubba, individual telecommunications), Zakho cuxa los angeles psIxle darga story ‘no one open the doorway so you can him’ (Meehan and you can Alon 1979, 182).
